ZK-STARK Zero-Knowledge Proofs

ZK-STARKs (Zero-Knowledge Scalable Transparent Arguments of Knowledge) allow QUBITUM to prove transaction validity without revealing any sensitive information about the transaction itself.

No Trusted Setup

Unlike zk-SNARKs, STARKs don't require a trusted setup ceremony that could be compromised

Post-Quantum Secure

Based on hash functions and information theory, inherently resistant to quantum attacks

~50ms Verification

Fast verification time enables efficient transaction processing

Scalable Proofs

Proof size grows logarithmically with computation complexity

ZK-STARK Transaction Proof Rust
// Generate ZK-STARK proof for transaction
let proof = stark::prove(
    &transaction,
    &witness,
    StarkConfig {
        security_level: 128,
        hash: "Poseidon",
        field: "BN254",
    }
)?;

// Verify proof without knowing transaction details
let valid = stark::verify(&proof, &public_inputs)?;
// Returns: true/false (no information leak)

Dilithium Signatures

CRYSTALS-Dilithium is a NIST-approved post-quantum digital signature algorithm based on lattice cryptography. It provides security against both classical and quantum computer attacks.

128-bit Quantum Security

Secure against both classical and quantum attacks

NIST FIPS 204 Certified

Official post-quantum standard approved by NIST

~0.5ms Sign / ~0.2ms Verify

Fast cryptographic operations for real-world use

1,952 bytes Public Key / 3,293 bytes Signature

Compact sizes for efficient blockchain transactions

Why Lattice Cryptography?

Lattice-based cryptography relies on the hardness of problems like Learning With Errors (LWE) and Short Integer Solution (SIS). These problems remain computationally hard even for quantum computers, unlike the discrete logarithm and factoring problems that underpin current cryptocurrency security.

Classical Attack
2^128 operations
Quantum Attack
2^64 operations (still infeasible)

Hybrid PoW + PoS

Combining the proven security of proof-of-work with the efficiency and governance of proof-of-stake

1

Block Mining (PoW)

Miners compete to find valid blocks using QubitumHash, a memory-hard algorithm requiring 4GB RAM

2

Ticket Selection (PoS)

5 staking tickets are randomly selected from the pool to vote on the block

3

Block Validation

Block is accepted if at least 3 of 5 tickets vote to approve (60% threshold)

Double Security

Attackers need both hash power AND stake to manipulate the chain

Decentralized Governance

Ticket holders vote on protocol upgrades and treasury spending

Fair Distribution

63% to miners, 27% to stakers, 10% to treasury for development

Fast Finality

PoS voting provides faster probabilistic finality than pure PoW

Ring Signatures

LSAG (Linkable Spontaneous Anonymous Group) signatures hide the true sender among a group of possible signers while preventing double-spending.

TX
Real Signer
Decoy 1
Decoy 2
Decoy 3
Decoy 4
Decoy 5
Decoy 6
Decoy 7

With 8 members, there's only a 12.5% chance of identifying the real signer. QUBITUM supports rings from 4-64 members.

Adaptive Ring Size

Choose between 4-64 ring members based on privacy needs

Key Images

Unique per-output identifiers prevent double-spending without revealing identity

Stealth Addresses

One-time addresses for each transaction prevent address linkability

Confidential Transactions

Pedersen commitments hide transaction amounts

Privacy Networking

Multiple layers of network-level privacy to prevent traffic analysis and IP correlation

Dandelion++

Transactions propagate through a "stem" phase before "fluffing" out to the network, making it nearly impossible to identify the origin node.

  • Stem phase: 10 hops average
  • Random fluff probability: 10%
  • Stem timeout: 60 seconds

Tor Integration

Optional Tor support for users requiring maximum anonymity. All traffic can be routed through the Tor network for IP address protection.

  • Hidden service support
  • Automatic circuit building
  • Bridge relay compatibility

I2P Support

I2P (Invisible Internet Project) integration provides an alternative anonymity layer with garlic routing for enhanced privacy.

  • Garlic routing encryption
  • Distributed hash table
  • Packet-based transport

Built with Rust

QUBITUM is written from scratch in Rust, a systems programming language known for memory safety, zero-cost abstractions, and fearless concurrency.

Memory Safety

No null pointers, buffer overflows, or data races by design

Performance

C/C++ level speed with modern language ergonomics

Reliability

Rich type system and ownership model catch bugs at compile time

Modern Tooling

Cargo package manager, rustfmt, clippy, and excellent documentation

25,000+ Lines of Rust Code
600+ Unit Tests
10 Core Modules
0 Unsafe Blocks in Core

Dive Deeper Into the Code

Explore our open-source implementation on GitHub or read the technical whitepaper